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Kev Qhia Rau Niam Txiv Hais Txog Ua Laib (Gangs)
Qhov kev qhia no yog pab qhia rau niam txiv kom paub hais tias ua laib muaj licas thiab kev tiv thiav kom tsis txhob mus ua laib.
Qhia Txog Kev tshawb xyuas qhia tau hais tias niam txiv yog tus tseem ceeb uas yuav pab tau kom menyuam tsis txhob mus laib. Tej kev muaj tsis zoo nyob rau hauv tsev neeg – xws li niam txiv sib ntau, tsim txom menyuam, hlub tsis sib luag, thiab/los yog muaj neeg siv yeeb tshuaj los yog dej caw nyob rau hauv tsev – yuav ua rau kom cov menyuam mus ua laib. Niam txiv yuav tiv thaiv tau kom menyuam tsis txhob mus ua laib uas yog coj thiaj ua qhov zoo xwb, xws li saib xyuas tej yam cov menyuam ua, nrog lawv sib cog kev sib cuag mus los zoo, thiab qhuab qhia uas yog siv txoj kev zoo xwb. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, niam txiv koj tseem tsis paub txog cov menyuam laib no thiab.
Tus Cwj Pwm Coj Thaum Uas Mus Koom Nrog Laib Lawm
Cov menyuam yaus uas tseem me ( hnub nyoog 12 – 14 xyoos) yog lub sij hawm uas tseem ceeb heev thiab yog
thaum uas lawv paub txog cov laib thiab tej zaum xav hais tias yuav mus koom nrog. Cov menyuam uas mus koom
nrog laib lawm tej zaum kuj yuav coj raws li hauv qab no:
Coj tus xeeb ceem tsis zoo, xws li: Tsis koom nrog tsev neeg.
Tsis tshua mus kawm ntawv ntawv, kev kawm poob qab zuj zus, los yog coj tau tus xeeb ceem tsis zoo lawm.
Tsis los tsev uas txog yav lig uas tsis muaj dab tsi rau nws ua.
Zais Zais ub no tsis qhia rau leej twg.
Coj tus cwj pwm uas twv twv neeg, xws li cam thawj, siv cov lus phem, hu neeg npe phem thiab tsis saib niam txiv los kev cai muaj nqis.
Cia li hais txog tej tsis zoo rau tub ceev xwm los yog cov neeg laus uas saib xyuas txoj cai (cov neeg ua hauj lwm rau tsev kawm ntawv los yog nais khus).
Hloov nws txoj kev xa rau tsev kawm ntawv, Church los yog lwm yam kev ua ub no los yog hloov nws tus xeeb ceem rau kev ua no.
Nyiam nyiam cov khawb ncaws uas muaj ib los yog ob xim los yog ib yam duab twg.
Nyiam cov nkauj los yog yeej yaj duab txog kev ua laib.
Siv los yog xyaum siv kev ua ntev tes los sib tham nrog cov phooj ywg.
Kos cov duab los yog kos cov ntawv uas sawv cev ib pab laib twg rau hauv phau ntawv sau, ris tsho, los yog tim phab ntsa.
Hloov nws cov plaub hau los yog muaj ib pab phooj ywg uas tso lawv cov plaub hau zoo ib yam.
Tsis koom nrog nws tej qub phooj ywg uas twb ua phooj ywg ntev ntev lawm thiab mus ntau phooj ywg rau cov neeg tshiab.
Xav hais tias nws siv yeeb tshuaj los yog dej caw.
Muaj riam phom, muas txwv, los yog lwm yam khoom tawv.
Muaj kev raug mob, xws li raug ntau los yog raug mob rau ntawm tes los yog nrig vim sib ntau.
Muaj nyiaj ntau los yog tej yam koom zoo, xws li ris tsho los koom coj ntawm ib ce.
Tej Uas Pom Es Qhia Tau Tias Yog Ua Laib Lawm (Common Gang Identifiers)
Menyuam Kev Hnav Ris Tsho:
Cov menyuam laib tej zaum lawv yuav hnav cov ris tsho zoo ib yam tsem tsawv uas yog qhia tau hais lawv yog pab
twg pawg twg. Tej zaum yuav yog lawv cov ris tsho los phuam khi taub hau uas yog hnav tib yam xim xwb uas yog
qhia tau hais tias lawv yog pawg twg.
Lwm yam ris tsho uas menyuam laib hnav kuj muaj xws li lawv hnav cov ris uas loj loj es dai pob tw xwb; cov tso hu hais tias yog gang-theme T-shirt kuj yuav muaj tej no nyob rau ntawd: gang members, prison scenes, graffiti, los yog slogans; two- or three-toned bead necklaces; sports clothing of specific teams; or colored fabric belts, tej lub sij hawm kuj yuav muaj cov pob siv tawv hlau uas muaj initial(s) of the gang.
Tab sis, kev hloov ris tsho ntawm tej zaum yuav txawv ntawm ib qho chaw rau ib qho chaw, yog li ntawd ris tsho tej zaum yuav tsis txaus los qhia rau koj hais tias tus menyuam ua laib, tab sis nws yuav ib qho kev qhia xwb
Xim:Ntau ntau pab laib siv ntau tshaj ib yam xim los sawv cev lawv pab laib. Cov xim no lawv hnav nyob rau ntawm
lawv cov tsho, phuam khi taub hau, multicolored or single-colored beads, sawv tawv, kaus mom, khau, hlua khau,
headbands, jewelry, thiab lwm yam khoo.
Symbols thiab numbers:
Muaj tej cov symbols thiab numbers tej zaum kuj yuav muaj ib qho tshwj xeeb tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv ib pab laib
nyob rau ib thaj chaw twg. Ib co symbols uas nyob rau ntawm tej pwb pawg laib nyob rau hauv teb chaws Meskas
no yog lub hnub hnub qub(stars) (5 thiab 6 ces kawm), crowns, pitchforks (pointing up or down), three dots in a
triangle, and numbers. Hu rau ntawm lub tsev cov tub ceev xwm ua hauj lwm los yog ntawm sheriff’s department
kom tau kev qhia tseeb los yog cov symbols .los yog cov numbers uas koj tsis paub los yog tsis tau pom dua uas
kom pom nyob rau ntawm cov graffiti los yog ris tsho ntawm koj ib cheeb tsam.
Sports items:
Niam ntawv, xim, los yog symbols tej zaum kuj yuav sawv cev los qhia tau hais nws yog laib thiab nyob rau ntawm
qhov chaw nws nyob ntawd xwb, xws li Kansas City Royals (KC = Kill Crips). Tej yam qhia txog sport yeej muaj
peev xwm yuav tau uas tsis yog nws yam xim uas yog laib yam los yog kuj yuav hloov tau ntawm cov graffiti los
yog symbol yog writing.
Graffiti:
Laib lawv siv cov graffiti lo cim hais tias thaj chaw twg yog lawv thaj, mourn fallen members, thiab threaten los yog
challenge lwm pab laib. Vim li no, graffiti nws yog ib qho txau ntshai heev yog li ntawd yog pom lawm yuav tsum
muab tshem tawm kom sai li sai tau. Cov menyuam uas nyiam ua graffiti tej zaum kuj yuav muaj tej yam no: spray
paints, spray-paint plastic tips, wide-tipped markers, los yog sketchbooks uas tseem muaj cov graffiti uas tseem ua tsis tau tiav nyob rau thiab tsej zaum nws kuj muaj xim nyob rau ntawm ntawm nws cov ris tsho, backpacks, los yog lwm yam koom.
]Tattoos:
Tattoos yog siv coj los qhia tias nws muaj lub siab licas nrog rau nws pab laib. Cov tattoos feem ntau tsis yog npe initials, los yog lwm yam rau symbol uas yog hais txog cov laib ntawd uas koj yuav pom nyob rau ntawm tes, cajdab,ntsej muag, xub ntiag los yog caj npab.
Hand signs:
Muaj ib co laib lawv siv specific hand gestures los ua kev sib cuag mus los nrog rau lawv laib tej yam uas lawv pab laib muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb nrog rau lwm pab laib.
Cov suab nkauj los yog yeeb yaj duab uas cov laib nyiam mloog los yog saib:
Gangsta/gangster rap yog ib yam rap music characterized txog violent, tough-talking lyrics uas yog glorify streetgang
culture. Ib cov yeeb yaj duab uas neeg nyaim heev kuj yog hais txog kev ua laib. Cov menyuam kuj qhia tau
hais tias lawv xav mus ua laib uas yog lawv nyiam tej cov suab nkauj los yog cov yeej yaj duab uas hais kev ua laib.
Niam Txiv Yuav Ua Tau Licas
Nrog koj cov menyuam tham txog kev ua laib thiab yuav ua licas tsis mus ua laib.
Qhia rau lawv hais tias koj tsis nyiam laib thiab tsis xav kom lawv muaj teeb meem los raug ntes mus kaw.
Qhia kom koj tus menyuam tsis txhob:
Txav ze nrog menyuam laib.
Tsis txhob mus nrog menyuam laib uasi.
Tsis txhob mus koom rau tej kev lom zem uas yog cov laib ua.
Tsis txob ua cov tes los ntiv tes uas tej zaum tsam cov laib ho siv.
Tsis txhob hnav cov ris tsho uas tsam ho sawv cev tau laib tej xim los li laib hnav.
(Qhia rau koj tus menyuam tej ris tsho uas yuav ua rau lawv raug teeb meem thiab hais tias koj yuav tsis kam yuav thiab tsis pub rau lawv hnav. Yog
hais paub tsis tseeb txog tej kawb ncaws no, thov hu mu rau cov tub ceev xwm ntawm koj ib cheem tsam thiab kom tau kev ntxiv txog cov pawg laib
uas nyob rau ntawm koj ib cheeb.)
Ua kom paub txog koj tus menyuam cov phooj ywg thiab lawv niam thiab txiv.
Paub txog lawv tej kev xa hais txog yeeb tshuaj, dej caw thiab kev ua laib. Thaum koj tus menyuam muaj kev
ntxhov siab txog kev yeeb tshuab los yog kev ua laib, feem ntau yog los ntawm lawv cov phooj ywg los.
Nrog koj tus menyuam tham txog tej kev yuav tsum ua thaum uas cov phooj peej txhob los yog
yuav kom ua.
Pab koj tus menyuam xyaum ua thaum uas muaj neeg txhob los yuam kom ua tej yam dab tsi. Piv txwv, yog hais
koj tus menyuam muaj ib tug phooj ywg hais kom nws uas dab tsi uas yog hais tias, “yog hais tias koj yog kuv tus
phooj ywg, koj yeej..” koj tus menyuam yuav tsum teb hias tias “yog hais tias koj yog kuv tus phooj ywg, koj yeej tsis kom kuv ua..” Ces tus nws yuav tsum khiav tawm qhov ntawd mus.
Tsim ib co cai thiab saib xyuas kom khov hais txog tias koj tus menyuam yuav ua tau licas xwb.
Cov menyuam hluas yuav tsum paub hais tias lawv yuav tsum ua tau licas thiab yog lawv ua dhau ntawv yuav rau
dab tsi. Tsis txhob cawm koj tus menyuam los ntawm lub txim yog hais tias nws yuam cai.
Nrhiav sij hawm rau tsev neeg los uake.
Tswj ib lub sij hawm rau koj tsev neeg los uasi uake, noj mov uake, mus ncig uasi uake, yog hais tsev muaj dab tsi rau ib lub sij hawm twg txog lub sij hawm ntawv yuav tsum ua tib yam li ntawd, thiab muaj kev sib tham txog tej kev yuav ua thiab tej kev tsis sib haum xeeb.
Qhov kev qhia no yog pab qhia rau niam txiv kom paub hais tias ua laib muaj licas thiab kev tiv thiav kom tsis txhob mus ua laib.
Qhia Txog Kev tshawb xyuas qhia tau hais tias niam txiv yog tus tseem ceeb uas yuav pab tau kom menyuam tsis txhob mus laib. Tej kev muaj tsis zoo nyob rau hauv tsev neeg – xws li niam txiv sib ntau, tsim txom menyuam, hlub tsis sib luag, thiab/los yog muaj neeg siv yeeb tshuaj los yog dej caw nyob rau hauv tsev – yuav ua rau kom cov menyuam mus ua laib. Niam txiv yuav tiv thaiv tau kom menyuam tsis txhob mus ua laib uas yog coj thiaj ua qhov zoo xwb, xws li saib xyuas tej yam cov menyuam ua, nrog lawv sib cog kev sib cuag mus los zoo, thiab qhuab qhia uas yog siv txoj kev zoo xwb. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, niam txiv koj tseem tsis paub txog cov menyuam laib no thiab.
Tus Cwj Pwm Coj Thaum Uas Mus Koom Nrog Laib Lawm
Cov menyuam yaus uas tseem me ( hnub nyoog 12 – 14 xyoos) yog lub sij hawm uas tseem ceeb heev thiab yog
thaum uas lawv paub txog cov laib thiab tej zaum xav hais tias yuav mus koom nrog. Cov menyuam uas mus koom
nrog laib lawm tej zaum kuj yuav coj raws li hauv qab no:
Coj tus xeeb ceem tsis zoo, xws li: Tsis koom nrog tsev neeg.
Tsis tshua mus kawm ntawv ntawv, kev kawm poob qab zuj zus, los yog coj tau tus xeeb ceem tsis zoo lawm.
Tsis los tsev uas txog yav lig uas tsis muaj dab tsi rau nws ua.
Zais Zais ub no tsis qhia rau leej twg.
Coj tus cwj pwm uas twv twv neeg, xws li cam thawj, siv cov lus phem, hu neeg npe phem thiab tsis saib niam txiv los kev cai muaj nqis.
Cia li hais txog tej tsis zoo rau tub ceev xwm los yog cov neeg laus uas saib xyuas txoj cai (cov neeg ua hauj lwm rau tsev kawm ntawv los yog nais khus).
Hloov nws txoj kev xa rau tsev kawm ntawv, Church los yog lwm yam kev ua ub no los yog hloov nws tus xeeb ceem rau kev ua no.
Nyiam nyiam cov khawb ncaws uas muaj ib los yog ob xim los yog ib yam duab twg.
Nyiam cov nkauj los yog yeej yaj duab txog kev ua laib.
Siv los yog xyaum siv kev ua ntev tes los sib tham nrog cov phooj ywg.
Kos cov duab los yog kos cov ntawv uas sawv cev ib pab laib twg rau hauv phau ntawv sau, ris tsho, los yog tim phab ntsa.
Hloov nws cov plaub hau los yog muaj ib pab phooj ywg uas tso lawv cov plaub hau zoo ib yam.
Tsis koom nrog nws tej qub phooj ywg uas twb ua phooj ywg ntev ntev lawm thiab mus ntau phooj ywg rau cov neeg tshiab.
Xav hais tias nws siv yeeb tshuaj los yog dej caw.
Muaj riam phom, muas txwv, los yog lwm yam khoom tawv.
Muaj kev raug mob, xws li raug ntau los yog raug mob rau ntawm tes los yog nrig vim sib ntau.
Muaj nyiaj ntau los yog tej yam koom zoo, xws li ris tsho los koom coj ntawm ib ce.
Tej Uas Pom Es Qhia Tau Tias Yog Ua Laib Lawm (Common Gang Identifiers)
Menyuam Kev Hnav Ris Tsho:
Cov menyuam laib tej zaum lawv yuav hnav cov ris tsho zoo ib yam tsem tsawv uas yog qhia tau hais lawv yog pab
twg pawg twg. Tej zaum yuav yog lawv cov ris tsho los phuam khi taub hau uas yog hnav tib yam xim xwb uas yog
qhia tau hais tias lawv yog pawg twg.
Lwm yam ris tsho uas menyuam laib hnav kuj muaj xws li lawv hnav cov ris uas loj loj es dai pob tw xwb; cov tso hu hais tias yog gang-theme T-shirt kuj yuav muaj tej no nyob rau ntawd: gang members, prison scenes, graffiti, los yog slogans; two- or three-toned bead necklaces; sports clothing of specific teams; or colored fabric belts, tej lub sij hawm kuj yuav muaj cov pob siv tawv hlau uas muaj initial(s) of the gang.
Tab sis, kev hloov ris tsho ntawm tej zaum yuav txawv ntawm ib qho chaw rau ib qho chaw, yog li ntawd ris tsho tej zaum yuav tsis txaus los qhia rau koj hais tias tus menyuam ua laib, tab sis nws yuav ib qho kev qhia xwb
Xim:Ntau ntau pab laib siv ntau tshaj ib yam xim los sawv cev lawv pab laib. Cov xim no lawv hnav nyob rau ntawm
lawv cov tsho, phuam khi taub hau, multicolored or single-colored beads, sawv tawv, kaus mom, khau, hlua khau,
headbands, jewelry, thiab lwm yam khoo.
Symbols thiab numbers:
Muaj tej cov symbols thiab numbers tej zaum kuj yuav muaj ib qho tshwj xeeb tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv ib pab laib
nyob rau ib thaj chaw twg. Ib co symbols uas nyob rau ntawm tej pwb pawg laib nyob rau hauv teb chaws Meskas
no yog lub hnub hnub qub(stars) (5 thiab 6 ces kawm), crowns, pitchforks (pointing up or down), three dots in a
triangle, and numbers. Hu rau ntawm lub tsev cov tub ceev xwm ua hauj lwm los yog ntawm sheriff’s department
kom tau kev qhia tseeb los yog cov symbols .los yog cov numbers uas koj tsis paub los yog tsis tau pom dua uas
kom pom nyob rau ntawm cov graffiti los yog ris tsho ntawm koj ib cheeb tsam.
Sports items:
Niam ntawv, xim, los yog symbols tej zaum kuj yuav sawv cev los qhia tau hais nws yog laib thiab nyob rau ntawm
qhov chaw nws nyob ntawd xwb, xws li Kansas City Royals (KC = Kill Crips). Tej yam qhia txog sport yeej muaj
peev xwm yuav tau uas tsis yog nws yam xim uas yog laib yam los yog kuj yuav hloov tau ntawm cov graffiti los
yog symbol yog writing.
Graffiti:
Laib lawv siv cov graffiti lo cim hais tias thaj chaw twg yog lawv thaj, mourn fallen members, thiab threaten los yog
challenge lwm pab laib. Vim li no, graffiti nws yog ib qho txau ntshai heev yog li ntawd yog pom lawm yuav tsum
muab tshem tawm kom sai li sai tau. Cov menyuam uas nyiam ua graffiti tej zaum kuj yuav muaj tej yam no: spray
paints, spray-paint plastic tips, wide-tipped markers, los yog sketchbooks uas tseem muaj cov graffiti uas tseem ua tsis tau tiav nyob rau thiab tsej zaum nws kuj muaj xim nyob rau ntawm ntawm nws cov ris tsho, backpacks, los yog lwm yam koom.
]Tattoos:
Tattoos yog siv coj los qhia tias nws muaj lub siab licas nrog rau nws pab laib. Cov tattoos feem ntau tsis yog npe initials, los yog lwm yam rau symbol uas yog hais txog cov laib ntawd uas koj yuav pom nyob rau ntawm tes, cajdab,ntsej muag, xub ntiag los yog caj npab.
Hand signs:
Muaj ib co laib lawv siv specific hand gestures los ua kev sib cuag mus los nrog rau lawv laib tej yam uas lawv pab laib muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb nrog rau lwm pab laib.
Cov suab nkauj los yog yeeb yaj duab uas cov laib nyiam mloog los yog saib:
Gangsta/gangster rap yog ib yam rap music characterized txog violent, tough-talking lyrics uas yog glorify streetgang
culture. Ib cov yeeb yaj duab uas neeg nyaim heev kuj yog hais txog kev ua laib. Cov menyuam kuj qhia tau
hais tias lawv xav mus ua laib uas yog lawv nyiam tej cov suab nkauj los yog cov yeej yaj duab uas hais kev ua laib.
Niam Txiv Yuav Ua Tau Licas
Nrog koj cov menyuam tham txog kev ua laib thiab yuav ua licas tsis mus ua laib.
Qhia rau lawv hais tias koj tsis nyiam laib thiab tsis xav kom lawv muaj teeb meem los raug ntes mus kaw.
Qhia kom koj tus menyuam tsis txhob:
Txav ze nrog menyuam laib.
Tsis txhob mus nrog menyuam laib uasi.
Tsis txhob mus koom rau tej kev lom zem uas yog cov laib ua.
Tsis txob ua cov tes los ntiv tes uas tej zaum tsam cov laib ho siv.
Tsis txhob hnav cov ris tsho uas tsam ho sawv cev tau laib tej xim los li laib hnav.
(Qhia rau koj tus menyuam tej ris tsho uas yuav ua rau lawv raug teeb meem thiab hais tias koj yuav tsis kam yuav thiab tsis pub rau lawv hnav. Yog
hais paub tsis tseeb txog tej kawb ncaws no, thov hu mu rau cov tub ceev xwm ntawm koj ib cheem tsam thiab kom tau kev ntxiv txog cov pawg laib
uas nyob rau ntawm koj ib cheeb.)
Ua kom paub txog koj tus menyuam cov phooj ywg thiab lawv niam thiab txiv.
Paub txog lawv tej kev xa hais txog yeeb tshuaj, dej caw thiab kev ua laib. Thaum koj tus menyuam muaj kev
ntxhov siab txog kev yeeb tshuab los yog kev ua laib, feem ntau yog los ntawm lawv cov phooj ywg los.
Nrog koj tus menyuam tham txog tej kev yuav tsum ua thaum uas cov phooj peej txhob los yog
yuav kom ua.
Pab koj tus menyuam xyaum ua thaum uas muaj neeg txhob los yuam kom ua tej yam dab tsi. Piv txwv, yog hais
koj tus menyuam muaj ib tug phooj ywg hais kom nws uas dab tsi uas yog hais tias, “yog hais tias koj yog kuv tus
phooj ywg, koj yeej..” koj tus menyuam yuav tsum teb hias tias “yog hais tias koj yog kuv tus phooj ywg, koj yeej tsis kom kuv ua..” Ces tus nws yuav tsum khiav tawm qhov ntawd mus.
Tsim ib co cai thiab saib xyuas kom khov hais txog tias koj tus menyuam yuav ua tau licas xwb.
Cov menyuam hluas yuav tsum paub hais tias lawv yuav tsum ua tau licas thiab yog lawv ua dhau ntawv yuav rau
dab tsi. Tsis txhob cawm koj tus menyuam los ntawm lub txim yog hais tias nws yuam cai.
Nrhiav sij hawm rau tsev neeg los uake.
Tswj ib lub sij hawm rau koj tsev neeg los uasi uake, noj mov uake, mus ncig uasi uake, yog hais tsev muaj dab tsi rau ib lub sij hawm twg txog lub sij hawm ntawv yuav tsum ua tib yam li ntawd, thiab muaj kev sib tham txog tej kev yuav ua thiab tej kev tsis sib haum xeeb.
